<% FROM="\InformationForInvestors\AnnualReport01\report\co_fin_notes.htm" SITE="anglogold-main" %> AngloGold Annual Report 2001 - Notes to the company financial statements
Notes to the company financial statements  | Contents |
for the year ended 31 December 2001

Figures in million20012000

SA Rands

1Revenue
Revenue consists of the following principal categories:
Gold income11,164 11,021
Sale of uranium, silver and sulphuric acid418 245
Interest receivable (note 3)47 138

11,629 11,404


2 Cost of sales
Cash operating costs7,221 8,121
Other cash costs51 34

Total cash costs7,272 8,155
Retrenchment costs (note 7)185 98
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs66 (48)

Production costs7,523 8,205
Amortisation of mining assets (note 10)628 704

Total production costs8,151 8,909
Inventory change65 (60)

8,216 8,849


3 Investment income
Investment income consists of the following principal categories:
Interest receivable (notes 1 and 25)47 138
Profit from associates after taxation (note 11)7 26

54 164


4 Other net (expense) income
Other net (expense) income consists of the following principal categories:
Exchange (loss) gain on transactions other than sales (11) 14
Profit on sale of assets- 7

(11) 21
Unwinding of decommissioning obligation (notes 21 and 25) (19) -

(30) 21


5 Finance costs
Interest paid on bank loans and overdrafts182 90
Interest paid on debentures7 16

189 106


Figures in million20012000

SA Rands

6 Profit before exceptional items is arrived at after taking account of:
Auditors' remuneration
Audit fees3 3
Under provision prior year1 1

44

Amortisation of mining assets (notes 2 and 10)
- Owned assets628 704
Grants for educational and community development31 24
Operating lease charges17 14

7Employee benefits
Employee costs including executive directors
Salaries, wages and other benefits4,018 4,496
Defined contribution pension plan expense263 303
Health care and medical scheme costs
- Current medical expenses227228
- Post-retirement medical expenses3936
Defined benefit expense
- current service cost41 36
- interest cost182 134
- expected return on plan assets(91) (24)
- actuarial loss (gain)20 (40)
Retrenchment costs (note 2)185 98

4,8845,267

Actual return on plan assets
- defined benefit pension plan91 24
Refer to directors' report for details of directors' emoluments.

8 Taxation
Current taxation
    Mining taxation294 44
    Non-mining taxation240 187
    Under provision prior year- 3

534234

Deferred taxation
    Current (note 22)149 148
    Unrealised hedging activities(87) -
    Exceptional item - impairment (note 22)-(196)
    Exceptional item - debt written off6 -

68 (48)

602186


    

20012000

Non-mining Mining Non-miningMining
%%%%

Tax reconciliation
A reconciliation of the mining and non-mining tax rate
compared with that charged in the income statement is
   set out in the following table:
Marginal tax rate3846 38 46
Adjusted for hedge revenue36(13) 27(13)
Disallowed expenditure97 2 6
Amortisation and inventory change-21 - 26
Mining capital allowances-- -(32)
Mining taxation formula adjustment-(1) --
Dividends received(43)-(31) -
Royalties-(25) -(25)
Other25 5(4)

Effective tax rate4240 41 4

There is unredeemed capital expenditure estimated at R3,564m (2000: R3,161m) which is available for set-off against future taxable income from the mining operations of Joel mine. With effect from 1 January 2002, a sale agreement for Joel has been signed with the ARM/Harmony Joint Venture which may result in the unredeemed capital expenditure not being utilised.

Figures in million20012000

SA Rands

9Dividends
Ordinary shares
No. 89 of 650 SA cents per ordinary share declared
on 30 January 2001 and paid on 30 March 2001.696 1,178
No. 90 of 700 SA cents per ordinary share
declared on 30 July 2001 and paid on 28 September 2001.751 803

1,447 1,981

No. 91 of 1,100 SA cents per ordinary share was
declared on 30 January 2002.

  

Mineral
MineMinerights,
developmentinfra-dumps and
Figures in millioncostsstructure ore reservesLandTotal

10Mining assets
SA Rands
Cost
Balance at 31 December 1999 13,478 4,315 372 35 18,200
Additions 1,010 56 - - 1,066
Transfers and disposals -(19) - -(19)

Balance at 31 December 2000 14,488 4,352 372 35 19,247
Additions80567-2 874
Through disposal of subsidiaries
joint ventures and mines(2,426)(278)(1)(3)(2,708)
Transfers and disposals (19)---(19)

Balance at 31 December 2001 12,848 4,141 371 34 17,394

Accumulated amortisation
Balance at 31 December 1999 4,512 2,371 46 - 6,929
Amortisation charge for the year (note 2) 556 125 23 - 704
Impairments 470 - - - 470

Balance at 31 December 2000 5,538 2,496 69 - 8,103
Amortisation charge for the year (note 2)47712823- 628
Amortisation on assets of subsidiaries,
joint ventures and mines disposed(1,437)(25)(1)-(1,463)

Balance at 31 December 2001 4,578 2,599 91 - 7,268

Net book value at 31 December 2000 8,950 1,856 303 35 11,144
Net book value at 31 December 20018,2701,5422803410,126

    

Figures in million20012000

SA Rands

11Investments in associates
The company has the following associated undertakings:
- A 48.48% (2000: 42.73%) interest in Rand Refinery Limited, which is involved in
the refining of bullion and by-products which are sourced inter alia from
South Africa and foreign gold producing mining companies. The year-end
of Rand Refinery Limited is 30 September.
- A 25% (2000: 25%) interest in Oro Group (Proprietary) Limited which is involved
in the manufacture and wholesale of jewellery. The year end of Oro Group
(Proprietary) Limited is 31 March. Equity accounting is based on the results for
the six months ended 30 September 2001.
Carrying value of associates consists of:
Unlisted shares at cost73 9
Share of retained earnings brought forward75 71
Profit after taxation (notes 3 and 25)7 26
Acquisitions11 55
Dividends(11)(12)
Disposals-(1)
Amortisation of goodwill(4)-

Carrying value151 148

Directors' valuation of unlisted associates151 148

The company's effective share of certain balance sheet items of its associates
are as follows:
Non-current assets85 79
Current assets102 94

Total assets187 173

Non-current liabilities34 34
Current liabilities44 37

Total equity and liabilities78 71

Net assets109 102

Reconciliation of the carrying value of investments in associates with net assets:
Net assets109 102
Goodwill42 46

Carrying value151 148


    

Figures in million20012000

SA Rands

12Other investments
Listed investments
Balance at the beginning of year- -
Additions104 -
Disposals- -

Balance at the end of year104 -

Market value of listed investments104 -
Unlisted investments
Balance at the beginning of year22 11
Additions2 11
Disposals(1) -

Balance at the end of year23 22

Directors' valuation of unlisted investments23 22

Total other investments127 22

Total valuation145 22


13AngloGold Environmental Rehabilitation Trust
Balance at the beginning of year279 220
Contributions85 59
Expenditure incurred(25)-

Balance at the end of year339 279


14Long-term loans
Unsecured
Loan to AngloGold Limited Employee Share and Debenture Trust (note 20)- 120
Other36 37

36 157


15Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and deposits on call686 76
Money market instruments- 158

686 234


 

Figures in million20012000

SA Rands

16Trade and other receivables
Trade debtors79 114
Prepayments and accrued income368 3
South African Revenue Services - Value added taxation123 111
Other debtors120 466

690 694


17Inventories
At cost
    Gold in process227 317
    Gold on hand1 20
    By-products72 89

Total metal inventories300 426
Consumable stores at average cost175 213

475 639


18Share capital and premium
Share capital
Authorised
200,000,000 ordinary shares of 50 cents each100 100
2,000,000 A redeemable preference shares of 50 cents each1 1
5,000,000 B redeemable preference shares of 1 cent each- -

101 101

Issued
107,634,058 (2000: 107,021,087) ordinary shares of 50 cents each
Balance at the beginning of year54 53
Issue of shares- 1

Balance at the end of year54 54

2,000,000 A redeemable preference shares of 50 cents each1 1
778,896 B redeemable preference shares of 1 cent each- -

Balance at the end of year1 1

Share premium8,398 8,209

Share capital and premium8,453 8,264


   

Figures in million20012000

SA Rands

19Borrowings
Unsecured loans
Syndicated loan facility2,585-
Interest charged at libor plus 0.75% per annum. The loan is
repayable in May 2004 and is US dollar-based.
Dresdner Bank Gold Loan- 1,136
Credit Agricole1,450 910
Interest charged at libor plus 0.75% per annum. Loan is repayable in July 2002
and is US dollar-based.
Deutsche Bank61-
Interest charged at Bank Bill Swap Offer Rate plus 0.45% per annum. Loan is
repayable by March 2002 and is Australian dollar-based.
Economic Development Corporation7 9
Interest charged at libor plus 0.6% per annum. Loan is repayable in half-yearly
instalments terminating in December 2002 and is US dollar-based.
Local money market short-term borrowings, based in South African rand.200 514

Total borrowings4,303 2,569
Less: Current portion of borrowings included in current liabilities1,718 1,651

Total long-term borrowings2,585 918

Amounts falling due
Within one year1,718 1,651
Between one and two years- 918
Between two and five years2,585 -

4,303 2,569

Currency
The currency in which the borrowings are denominated is as follows:
Australian dollars61 -
South African rands200 514
United States dollars4,042 2,055

4,303 2,569


20Debentures
Balance at the beginning of year120 115
Allocations during the year- 13
Exercised during the year-(3)
Redeemed during the year(120)(5)

Balance at the end of year (note 14)- 120


     

Figures in million20012000

SA Rands

21Provisions
Post-retirement medical funding
Balance at the beginning of year746 746
Disposal of subsidiaries(22) -
Less: Utilised during the year(12) -
Other1-

Balance at the end of year713 746

The provision for post-retirement medical funding represents the
provision for health care benefits for employees and retired employees
and their registered dependants.
The post-retirement benefit costs are assessed in accordance with the
advice of independent professionally qualified actuaries. The actuarial
method used is the projected unit credit funding method.
The assumptions used in calculating the above defined benefit post-
retirement medical expense is as follows:%%
Discount rate11.013.5
Expected increase in health care costs10.010.5
The normal retirement age is 60 years, and fully eligible age is 55 years.
The last valuation was performed as at 31 December 2001.
Environmental rehabilitation obligations
Provision for decommissioning
Balance at beginning of year312 312
Unwinding of decommissioning obligation (note 4)19 -
Disposal of subsidiaries(37)-
Change in estimate31-

Balance at end of year325 312

Provision for restoration
Balance at beginning of year338 392
Charge to income statement7(54)
Disposal of subsidiaries(17)-
Less: Utilised during the year(33)-

Balance at end of year295 338

Total provisions1,333 1,396


 
     

Figures in million20012000

SA Rands

22Deferred taxation
Deferred taxation relating to temporary differences is made up as follows:
Deferred taxation liabilities
Mining assets3,919 4,294
Inventories97 142
Other2 4

4,018 4,440
Deferred taxation assets
Provisions501 573
Financial instruments960 -

Net deferred taxation2,557 3,867

The movement on the deferred tax balance is as follows:
Balance at beginning of year3,867 3,915
Income statement charge (note 8)149 148
Taxation on impairment (note 8)- (196)
Taxation on unrealised hedging activities (note 8)(87) -
Disposal of subsidiary(500) -
Financial derivatives(872)-

Balance at end of year2,557 3,867


23Trade and other payables
Trade creditors312 437
Accruals302 326
Other creditors452 546

1,066 1,309


24Retirement benefits
Defined benefit pension fund
Fair value of fund assets842 687
Present value of fund obligation836 669

Funded benefit plan asset6 18

Market value of plan assets842 687

The assumptions used in calculating the above amounts
as at 31 December are:%%
Discount rate10.512.0
Pension increase6.58.0
Rate of compensation increase7.59.0
Rate of return on assets10.512.0

At the last statutory valuation of the defined benefit pension fund as at 31 December 1999, the Pension Fund was certified by the reporting actuaries as being in a sound financial position, subject to the continuation of the current contribution rates. In arriving at their conclusions, the actuaries took into account reasonable long-term estimates of inflation, increases in wages, salaries and pension as well as returns on investments. Separate calculations for the Pension Fund are carried out on an annual basis and the results of these calculations as at 31 December 2001 are reflected above.

Any deficits in the defined benefit scheme advised by the actuaries are funded either immediately or through increased contributions to ensure the ongoing soundness of the scheme. Contributions to the various defined contribution retirement schemes are fully expensed during the year in which they are funded and the cost of providing retirement benefits for the year amounted to R263m (2000: R303m).

All funds are governed by the Pension Funds Act of 1956 as amended.


       

Figures in million20012000

SA Rands

25Cash generated from operations
Profit on ordinary activities before taxation1,830 1,114
Adjusted for:
Amortisation of mining assets (note 10)628 704
Non-cash movements(38)(48)
Interest receivable (note 3)(47)(138)
Profit from associates after taxation (note 3)(7)(26)
Unwinding of decommissioning obligation (note 4)19 -
Finance costs (note 5)189 106
Movement in hedging activities255-
Amortisation of goodwill4-
Debt written off21-
Impairment of mining assets (note 10)- 470
Loss (profit) on sale of mining assets32(7)
Movements in working capital(661)(141)

2,225 2,034

Movements in working capital:
(Increase)/decrease in trade and other receivables(17)116
Decrease/(increase) in inventories109 (45)
Decrease in trade and other payables(207)(64)
Decrease in current portion of inter-group balances(546)(148)

(661)(141)


26 

Related parties
Related party transactions are concluded on an arm's length basis. Details of material transactions with those related parties not dealt with elsewhere in the financial statements are summarised below:

2001 2000

Purchases Amounts PurchasesAmounts
fromowed tofromowed to
related relatedrelatedrelated
parties parties partiesparties

With fellow subsidiaries of the Anglo American plc group
Boart Longyear Limited - mining services978 52 9
Haggie Limited - mining equipment613 32 3
Mondi Limited - timber1328 153 -
Scaw Metals Limited - steel and engineering5410 55 -
Shaft Sinkers (Pty) Ltd - mining services10712 93 -
   With associates
Rand Refinery Limited - gold refinery26- 27 -

       

Figures in million20012000

SA Rands

27 

Commitments and contingencies
Acquisition of mining assets
Contracted for 441 356
Not contracted for 1,948 4,638

Authorised by the directors2,389 4,994

Allocated for:
Expansion of capacity
- within one year778 327
- thereafter 1,572 3,998

2,350 4,325

Maintenance of capacity
- within one year27 29
- thereafter12 640

39 669

This expenditure will be financed from existing cash resources, proceeds on the disposal of the Free State assets and future borrowings.

There is a potential claim against the South Africa region in respect of contamination of the water supply amounting to R11m (2000: R9m).


28  Risk management activities

In the normal course of its operations, the company is exposed to gold price, currency, interest rate, liquidity and credit risks. In order to manage these risks, the company may enter into transactions which make use of both on- and off-balance sheet financial instruments. The company does not acquire, hold or issue derivative instruments for trading purposes. The company has developed a comprehensive risk management process to facilitate, control and to monitor these risks. The board has approved and monitors this risk management process, inclusive of documented treasury policies, counterpart limits, controlling and reporting structures.

Controlling risk in the company
The Executive Committee and the Treasury Committee are responsible for risk management activities within the company. The Treasury Committee, chaired by an independent member of the AngloGold Audit Committee, comprising executive members and treasury executives, reviews and recommends to the Executive Committee all treasury counterparts, limits, instruments and hedge strategies. The treasurer is responsible for managing investment, gold price, currency and liquidity risk. Within the treasury function, there is an independent risk function, which monitors adherence to treasury risk management policy, counterpart and dealer limits and provides regular and detailed management reports.

Gold price and currency risk
Gold price risk arises from the risk of an adverse effect on current or future earnings resulting from fluctuations in the price of gold. The gold market is predominately priced in US dollars which exposes the company to the risk that fluctuations in the SA rand/US dollar exchange rate may also have an adverse effect on current or future earnings.

A number of products, including derivative instruments are used to manage well-defined gold price and foreign exchange risks, that arise out of the company's core business activities. Forward-sales contracts and call and put options are used by the company to protect itself from downward fluctuations in the gold price. These instruments may establish a minimum price for a portion of future production while maintaining the ability to benefit from increases in the gold price for the majority of future gold production.

Net delta open hedge position as at 31 December 2001
The company had the following net forward-pricing commitments outstanding against future production.

Table A: Summary: Net delta open hedge position as at 31 December 2001


  RandDollar
12 Months endingGoldPrice inGoldPrice inKilograms
31 Decemberkg soldR/kgkg soldUS$/ozsold

200222,82860,25828,52629451,354
200324,70690,91411,02734235,733
200422,438109,1378,21136830,649
200522,509132,59210,42933632,938
200614,007135,2878,77534222,782
January 2007 -
December 201110,140135,36744,08636054,226

Total116,628105,657111,054338227,682

Table B: Summary: All open contracts in the company's gold hedge position at 31 December 2001

Year 200220032004200520062007 - 2011Total
Dollar/Gold
Forward contracts
Amount (kg)25,6645,9925,9414,5102,79912,44157,347
$/oz$290$322$348$356$369$365$325

   Put options purchased
Amount (kg)8,7094,9771,86615,552
$/oz$318$364$439$347
*Delta (kg)4,1624,4211,75710,340

Put options sold
Amount (kg)2,7992,799
$/oz$274$274
*Delta (kg)944944

Call options purchased
Amount (kg)23,7944,04327,837
$/oz$338$402$347
*Delta (kg)1,156961,252

Call options sold
Amount (kg)20,9958,8641,86612,44111,81955,986111,971
$/oz$346$379$347$321$329$358$350
*Delta (kg)8007105135,9195,97631,64545,563

Rand/Gold
Forward contracts
Amount (kg)20,22221,06720,26419,96411,82510,140103,482
R/kgR55,104R90,427R110,801R133,897R142,973R135,367R106,504

Put options purchased
Amount (kg)1,8751,8751,8751,8751,8759,375
R/kgR93,603R93,603R93,603R93,603R93,603R93,603
*Delta (kg)138102784532395

Year 200220032004200520062007 - 2011Total

Call options purchased
Amount (kg)12,0311,05813,089
R/kgR86,039R93,881R86,673
*Delta (kg)11,75698112,737

Call options sold
Amount (kg)14,6694,8312,1873,4322,18727,306
R/kgR87,148R93,767R93,630R122,862R93,630R93,846
*Delta (kg)14,2244,5212,0962,5002,15025,491

Rand/Dollar (000)
Forward contracts
Amount ($)25,57425,574
ZAR per $R6.31R6.31

Put options purchased
Amount ($)105,000105,000
ZAR per $R8.18R8.18
*Delta ($)1,2601,260

Call options purchased
Amount ($)78,4508,00086,450
ZAR per $R8.33R6.94R8.20
*Delta ($)75,8607,98483,844

Call options sold
Amount ($)153,4508,000161,450
ZAR per $R8.76R6.94R8.67
*Delta ($)147,1867,984155,170

The delta position indicated above reflects the nominal amount of the option multiplied by the mathematical probability of the option being exercised. This is calculated using the Black and Scholes option formula with the ruling market prices, interest rates and volatilities as at 31 December 2001.

The mix of hedging instruments, the volume of production hedged and the tenor of the hedging book is continually reviewed in the light of changes in operational forecasts, market conditions and the company's hedging policy.

Forward sales contracts require the future delivery of gold at a specified price.

A put option gives the put buyer the right, but not the obligation, to sell gold to the put seller at a predetermined price on a predetermined date.

A call option gives the call buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy gold from the call seller at a predetermined price on a predetermined date.

Net cash receipts received under the option hedging strategies for the year were R215m (2000: R262m).

Interest rate and liquidity risk
Fluctuations in interest rates impact on the value of short-term cash investments and financing activities, giving rise to interest rate risk.

In the ordinary course of business, the company receives cash from the proceeds of its gold sales and is required to fund working capital requirements. This cash is managed to ensure surplus funds are invested in a manner to achieve market related returns while minimising risks. The company is able to actively source financing at competitive rates.

The company has sufficient undrawn borrowing facilities available to fund working capital requirements.
 

Investment maturity profile

Fixed rateFloating rate
investment/Effectiveinvestment/Effective
Currency(borrowings) rate(borrowings)rate
Maturity datemillionsamount%amount%

Less than one year$141
ZAR38091388

Borrowings maturity profile

Within one yearBetween two and five years
Fixed rateEffectiveFixed rateEffective
Currencyborrowings rateborrowings rate
millionsamount%amount%

$1222.72162.7
ZAR20011.5
A$104.8

Interest rate risk

Fixed rate
investment/Effective
Currency(borrowings) rate
Maturity datemillionsamount%

Less than one year$1222.7
ZAR20011.5
A$104.7

Credit risk
Credit risk arises from the risk that a counterpart may default or not meet its obligations timeously. The company minimises credit risk by ensuring that credit risk is spread over a number of counterparts. These counterparts are financial and banking institutions of the highest quality. Where possible, management tries to ensure that netting agreements are in place.

No provision for doubtful debts was made as the principal debtors continue to be in a sound financial position.

The company does not generally obtain collateral or other security to support financial instruments subject to credit risk, but monitors the credit standing of counterparts. The company believes that no concentration of credit exists.

Fair value
The estimated fair values of financial instruments are determined at discrete points in time based on relevant market information. These estimates involve uncertainties and cannot be determined with precision. The estimated fair values of the company's financial instruments as at 31 December are as follows:
 

Type of instrument

20012000
Carrying amountFair valueCarrying amountFair value

SA Rands
Trade and other receivables690690694694
Cash and cash equivalents686686234234

- Cash and deposits on call6866867676
- Money market instruments--158158

Borrowings4,3034,3032 5692 569
Trade and other payables1,0661,0661 3091 309
Forward sale contracts(1,874)(1,976)-666
Option contracts(219)(1,112)-197
Foreign exchange contracts(149)(148)-(83))
Foreign exchange option contracts(229)(268)-(91)

The fair value amounts above include off balance sheet designated hedges.

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instrument:

Trade and other receivables, cash and cash equivalents and trade and other payables
The carrying amounts approximate fair value because of the short-term duration of these instruments.

Borrowings
The existing debt re-prices on a short-term floating rate basis, and accordingly the carrying amount is considered to approximate fair value.

Derivative instruments
The fair values of forward sales contracts and derivative instruments are estimated based on the ruling market prices, volatilities and interest rates at 31 December 2001.


 

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