|
| Figures in million | 2001 | 2000 |
|
| | SA Rands |
| |
|
| 1 | Revenue |
| Revenue consists of the following principal categories: |
| Gold income | 11,164 | 11,021 |
| Sale of uranium, silver and sulphuric acid | 418 | 245 |
| Interest receivable (note 3) | 47 | 138 |
| |
|
| | 11,629 | 11,404 |
| |
|
|
| 2 | Cost of sales |
| Cash operating costs | 7,221 | 8,121 |
| Other cash costs | 51 | 34 |
| |
|
| Total cash costs | 7,272 | 8,155 |
| Retrenchment costs (note 7) | 185 | 98 |
| Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs | 66 | (48) |
| |
|
| Production costs | 7,523 | 8,205 |
| Amortisation of mining assets (note 10) | 628 | 704 |
| |
|
| Total production costs | 8,151 | 8,909 |
| Inventory change | 65 | (60) |
| |
|
| | 8,216 | 8,849 |
| |
|
|
| 3 | Investment income |
| Investment income consists of the following principal categories: |
| Interest receivable (notes 1 and 25) | 47 | 138 |
| Profit from associates after taxation (note 11) | 7 | 26 |
| |
|
| | 54 | 164 |
| |
|
|
| 4 | Other net (expense) income |
| Other net (expense) income consists of the following principal categories: |
| Exchange (loss) gain on transactions other than sales | (11) | 14 |
| Profit on sale of assets | - | 7 |
| |
|
| | (11) | 21 |
| Unwinding of decommissioning obligation (notes 21 and 25) | (19) | - |
| |
|
| | (30) | 21 |
| |
|
|
| 5 | Finance costs |
| Interest paid on bank loans and overdrafts | 182 | 90 |
| Interest paid on debentures | 7 | 16 |
| |
|
| | 189 | 106 |
| |
|
|
| Figures in million | 2001 | 2000 |
|
| | SA Rands |
| |
|
| 6 | Profit before exceptional items is arrived at after taking account of: |
| Auditors' remuneration | | |
| Audit fees | 3 | 3 |
| Under provision prior year | 1 | 1 |
| |
|
| | 4 | 4 |
| |
|
| Amortisation of mining assets (notes 2 and 10) |
| - Owned assets | 628 | 704 |
| Grants for educational and community development | 31 | 24 |
| Operating lease charges | 17 | 14 |
|
| 7 | Employee benefits |
| Employee costs including executive directors |
| Salaries, wages and other benefits | 4,018 | 4,496 |
| Defined contribution pension plan expense | 263 | 303 |
| Health care and medical scheme costs | | |
| - Current medical expenses | 227 | 228 |
| - Post-retirement medical expenses | 39 | 36 |
| Defined benefit expense |
| - current service cost | 41 | 36 |
| - interest cost | 182 | 134 |
| - expected return on plan assets | (91) | (24) |
| - actuarial loss (gain) | 20 | (40) |
| Retrenchment costs (note 2) | 185 | 98 |
| |
|
| | 4,884 | 5,267 |
| |
|
| Actual return on plan assets |
| - defined benefit pension plan | 91 | 24 |
| Refer to directors' report for details of directors' emoluments. |
|
| 8 | Taxation |
| Current taxation | | |
|
Mining taxation | 294 | 44 |
|
Non-mining taxation | 240 | 187 |
|
Under provision prior year | - | 3 |
| |
|
| | 534 | 234 |
| |
|
| Deferred taxation |
|
Current (note 22) | 149 | 148 |
|
Unrealised hedging activities | (87) | - |
|
Exceptional item - impairment (note 22) | - | (196) |
|
Exceptional item - debt written off | 6 | - |
| |
|
| | 68 | (48) |
| |
|
| | 602 | 186 |
| |
|
|
| |
|
| | 2001 | 2000 |
|
| | Non-mining | Mining | Non-mining | Mining |
| | % | % | % | % |
| |
|
| Tax reconciliation |
| A reconciliation of the mining and non-mining tax rate |
| compared with that charged in the income statement is |
| | set out in the following table: |
| Marginal tax rate | 38 | 46 | 38 | 46 |
| Adjusted for hedge revenue | 36 | (13) | 27 | (13) |
| Disallowed expenditure | 9 | 7 | 2 | 6 |
| Amortisation and inventory change | - | 21 | - | 26 |
| Mining capital allowances | - | - | - | (32) |
| Mining taxation formula adjustment | - | (1) | - | - |
| Dividends received | (43) | - | (31) | - |
| Royalties | - | (25) | - | (25) |
| Other | 2 | 5 | 5 | (4) |
| |
|
| Effective tax rate | 42 | 40 | 41 | 4 |
| |
|
| There is unredeemed capital expenditure estimated at R3,564m (2000: R3,161m) which is available for set-off against future taxable income from the mining operations of Joel mine. With effect from 1 January 2002, a sale agreement for Joel has been signed with the ARM/Harmony Joint Venture which may result in the unredeemed capital expenditure not being utilised. |
|
| Figures in million | 2001 | 2000 |
|
| | SA
Rands |
| |
|
| 9 | Dividends |
| Ordinary shares |
| No. 89 of 650 SA cents per ordinary share declared |
| on 30 January 2001 and paid on 30 March 2001. | 696 | 1,178 |
| No. 90 of 700 SA cents per ordinary share |
| declared on 30 July 2001 and paid on 28 September 2001. | 751 | 803 |
| |
|
| | 1,447 | 1,981 |
| |
|
| No. 91 of 1,100 SA cents per ordinary share was |
| declared on 30 January 2002. |
|
|
| | | |
|
|
| | | Mineral |
| | Mine | Mine | rights, |
| | development | infra- | dumps and |
| Figures in million | costs | structure | ore reserves | Land | Total |
|
| 10 | Mining assets |
| SA Rands |
| Cost |
| Balance at 31 December 1999 | 13,478 | 4,315 | 372 | 35 | 18,200 |
| Additions | 1,010 | 56 | - | - | 1,066 |
| Transfers and disposals | - | (19) | - | - | (19) |
| |
|
| Balance at 31 December 2000 | 14,488 | 4,352 | 372 | 35 | 19,247 |
| Additions | 805 | 67 | - | 2 | 874 |
| Through disposal of subsidiaries |
| joint ventures and mines | (2,426) | (278) | (1) | (3) | (2,708) |
| Transfers and disposals | (19) | - | - | - | (19) |
| |
|
| Balance at 31 December 2001 | 12,848 | 4,141 | 371 | 34 | 17,394 |
| |
|
| Accumulated amortisation |
| Balance at 31 December 1999 | 4,512 | 2,371 | 46 | - | 6,929 |
| Amortisation charge for the year (note 2) | 556 | 125 | 23 | - | 704 |
| Impairments | 470 | - | - | - | 470 |
| |
|
| Balance at 31 December 2000 | 5,538 | 2,496 | 69 | - | 8,103 |
| Amortisation charge for the year (note 2) | 477 | 128 | 23 | - | 628 |
| Amortisation on assets of subsidiaries, |
| joint ventures and mines disposed | (1,437) | (25) | (1) | - | (1,463) |
| |
|
| Balance at 31 December 2001 | 4,578 | 2,599 | 91 | - | 7,268 |
| |
|
| Net book value at 31 December 2000 | 8,950 | 1,856 | 303 | 35 | 11,144 |
| Net book value at 31 December 2001 | 8,270 | 1,542 | 280 | 34 | 10,126 |
|
| |
|
| Figures in million | 2001 | 2000 |
|
| | SA Rands |
| |
|
| 11 | Investments in associates |
| The company has the following associated undertakings: |
| - A 48.48% (2000: 42.73%) interest in Rand Refinery Limited, which is involved in |
| the refining of bullion and by-products which are sourced inter alia from |
| South Africa and foreign gold producing mining companies. The year-end |
| of Rand Refinery Limited is 30 September. |
| - A 25% (2000: 25%) interest in Oro Group (Proprietary) Limited which is involved |
| in the manufacture and wholesale of jewellery. The year end of Oro Group |
| (Proprietary) Limited is 31 March. Equity accounting is based on the results for |
| the six months ended 30 September 2001. |
| Carrying value of associates consists of: |
| Unlisted shares at cost | 73 | 9 |
| Share of retained earnings brought forward | 75 | 71 |
| Profit after taxation (notes 3 and 25) | 7 | 26 |
| Acquisitions | 11 | 55 |
| Dividends | (11) | (12) |
| Disposals | - | (1) |
| Amortisation of goodwill | (4) | - |
| |
|
| Carrying value | 151 | 148 |
| |
|
| Directors' valuation of unlisted associates | 151 | 148 |
| |
|
| The company's effective share of certain balance sheet items of its associates |
| are as follows: |
| Non-current assets | 85 | 79 |
| Current assets | 102 | 94 |
| |
|
| Total assets | 187 | 173 |
| |
|
| Non-current liabilities | 34 | 34 |
| Current liabilities | 44 | 37 |
| |
|
| Total equity and liabilities | 78 | 71 |
| |
|
| Net assets | 109 | 102 |
| |
|
| Reconciliation of the carrying value of investments in associates with net assets: |
| Net assets | 109 | 102 |
| Goodwill | 42 | 46 |
| |
|
| Carrying value | 151 | 148 |
| |
|
|
| |
|
| Figures in million | 2001 | 2000 |
|
| | SA Rands |
| |
|
| 12 | Other investments |
| Listed investments |
| Balance at the beginning of year | - | - |
| Additions | 104 | - |
| Disposals | - | - |
| |
|
| Balance at the end of year | 104 | - |
| |
|
| Market value of listed investments | 104 | - |
| Unlisted investments |
| Balance at the beginning of year | 22 | 11 |
| Additions | 2 | 11 |
| Disposals | (1) | - |
| |
|
| Balance at the end of year | 23 | 22 |
| |
|
| Directors' valuation of unlisted investments | 23 | 22 |
| |
|
| Total other investments | 127 | 22 |
| |
|
| Total valuation | 145 | 22 |
| |
|
|
| 13 | AngloGold Environmental Rehabilitation Trust |
| Balance at the beginning of year | 279 | 220 |
| Contributions | 85 | 59 |
| Expenditure incurred | (25) | - |
| |
|
| Balance at the end of year | 339 | 279 |
| |
|
|
| 14 | Long-term loans |
| Unsecured |
| Loan to AngloGold Limited Employee Share and Debenture Trust (note 20) | - | 120 |
| Other | 36 | 37 |
| |
|
| | 36 | 157 |
| |
|
|
| 15 | Cash and cash equivalents |
| Cash and deposits on call | 686 | 76 |
| Money market instruments | - | 158 |
| |
|
| | 686 | 234 |
| |
|
|
| |
|
| Figures in million | 2001 | 2000 |
|
| | SA Rands |
| |
|
| 16 | Trade and other receivables |
| Trade debtors | 79 | 114 |
| Prepayments and accrued income | 368 | 3 |
| South African Revenue Services - Value added taxation | 123 | 111 |
| Other debtors | 120 | 466 |
| |
|
| | 690 | 694 |
| |
|
|
| 17 | Inventories |
| At cost |
|
Gold in process | 227 | 317 |
|
Gold on hand | 1 | 20 |
|
By-products | 72 | 89 |
| |
|
| Total metal inventories | 300 | 426 |
| Consumable stores at average cost | 175 | 213 |
| |
|
| | 475 | 639 |
| |
|
|
| 18 | Share capital and premium |
| Share capital |
| Authorised |
| 200,000,000 ordinary shares of 50 cents each | 100 | 100 |
| 2,000,000 A redeemable preference shares of 50 cents each | 1 | 1 |
| 5,000,000 B redeemable preference shares of 1 cent each | - | - |
| |
|
| | 101 | 101 |
| |
|
| Issued |
| 107,634,058 (2000: 107,021,087) ordinary shares of 50 cents each |
| Balance at the beginning of year | 54 | 53 |
| Issue of shares | - | 1 |
| |
|
| Balance at the end of year | 54 | 54 |
| |
|
| 2,000,000 A redeemable preference shares of 50 cents each | 1 | 1 |
| 778,896 B redeemable preference shares of 1 cent each | - | - |
| |
|
| Balance at the end of year | 1 | 1 |
| |
|
| Share premium | 8,398 | 8,209 |
| |
|
| Share capital and premium | 8,453 | 8,264 |
| |
|
|
| |
|
| Figures in million | 2001 | 2000 |
|
| | SA Rands |
| |
|
| 19 | Borrowings |
| Unsecured loans |
| Syndicated loan facility | 2,585 | - |
| Interest charged at libor plus 0.75% per annum. The loan is |
| repayable in May 2004 and is US dollar-based. |
| Dresdner Bank Gold Loan | - | 1,136 |
| Credit Agricole | 1,450 | 910 |
| Interest charged at libor plus 0.75% per annum. Loan is repayable in July 2002 |
| and is US dollar-based. |
| Deutsche Bank | 61 | - |
| Interest charged at Bank Bill Swap Offer Rate plus 0.45% per annum. Loan is |
| repayable by March 2002 and is Australian dollar-based. |
| Economic Development Corporation | 7 | 9 |
| Interest charged at libor plus 0.6% per annum. Loan is repayable in half-yearly |
| instalments terminating in December 2002 and is US dollar-based. |
| Local money market short-term borrowings, based in South African rand. | 200 | 514 |
| |
|
| Total borrowings | 4,303 | 2,569 |
| Less: Current portion of borrowings included in current liabilities | 1,718 | 1,651 |
| |
|
| Total long-term borrowings | 2,585 | 918 |
| |
|
| Amounts falling due |
| Within one year | 1,718 | 1,651 |
| Between one and two years | - | 918 |
| Between two and five years | 2,585 | - |
| |
|
| | 4,303 | 2,569 |
| |
|
| Currency |
| The currency in which the borrowings are denominated is as follows: |
| Australian dollars | 61 | - |
| South African rands | 200 | 514 |
| United States dollars | 4,042 | 2,055 |
| |
|
| | 4,303 | 2,569 |
| |
|
|
| 20 | Debentures |
| Balance at the beginning of year | 120 | 115 |
| Allocations during the year | - | 13 |
| Exercised during the year | - | (3) |
| Redeemed during the year | (120) | (5) |
| |
|
| Balance at the end of year (note 14) | - | 120 |
| |
|
|
| |
|
| Figures in million | 2001 | 2000 |
|
| | SA Rands |
| |
|
| 21 | Provisions |
| Post-retirement medical funding |
| Balance at the beginning of year | 746 | 746 |
| Disposal of subsidiaries | (22) | - |
| Less: Utilised during the year | (12) | - |
| Other | 1 | - |
| |
|
| Balance at the end of year | 713 | 746 |
| |
|
| The provision for post-retirement medical funding represents the |
| provision for health care benefits for employees and retired employees |
| and their registered dependants. |
| The post-retirement benefit costs are assessed in accordance with the |
| advice of independent professionally qualified actuaries. The actuarial |
| method used is the projected unit credit funding method. |
| The assumptions used in calculating the above defined benefit post- |
| retirement medical expense is as follows: | % | % |
| Discount rate | 11.0 | 13.5 |
| Expected increase in health care costs | 10.0 | 10.5 |
| The normal retirement age is 60 years, and fully eligible age is 55 years. |
| The last valuation was performed as at 31 December 2001. |
| Environmental rehabilitation obligations |
| Provision for decommissioning |
| Balance at beginning of year | 312 | 312 |
| Unwinding of decommissioning obligation (note 4) | 19 | - |
| Disposal of subsidiaries | (37) | - |
| Change in estimate | 31 | - |
| |
|
| Balance at end of year | 325 | 312 |
| |
|
| Provision for restoration |
| Balance at beginning of year | 338 | 392 |
| Charge to income statement | 7 | (54) |
| Disposal of subsidiaries | (17) | - |
| Less: Utilised during the year | (33) | - |
| |
|
| Balance at end of year | 295 | 338 |
| |
|
| Total provisions | 1,333 | 1,396 |
| |
|
|
| |
|
| Figures in million | 2001 | 2000 |
|
| | SA Rands |
| |
|
| 22 | Deferred taxation |
| Deferred taxation relating to temporary differences is made up as follows: |
| Deferred taxation liabilities |
| Mining assets | 3,919 | 4,294 |
| Inventories | 97 | 142 |
| Other | 2 | 4 |
| |
|
| | 4,018 | 4,440 |
| Deferred taxation assets |
| Provisions | 501 | 573 |
| Financial instruments | 960 | - |
| |
|
| Net deferred taxation | 2,557 | 3,867 |
| |
|
| The movement on the deferred tax balance is as follows: |
| Balance at beginning of year | 3,867 | 3,915 |
| Income statement charge (note 8) | 149 | 148 |
| Taxation on impairment (note 8) | - | (196) |
| Taxation on unrealised hedging activities (note 8) | (87) | - |
| Disposal of subsidiary | (500) | - |
| Financial derivatives | (872) | - |
| |
|
| Balance at end of year | 2,557 | 3,867 |
| |
|
|
| 23 | Trade and other payables |
| Trade creditors | 312 | 437 |
| Accruals | 302 | 326 |
| Other creditors | 452 | 546 |
| |
|
| | 1,066 | 1,309 |
| |
|
|
| 24 | Retirement benefits |
| Defined benefit pension fund |
| Fair value of fund assets | 842 | 687 |
| Present value of fund obligation | 836 | 669 |
| |
|
| Funded benefit plan asset | 6 | 18 |
| |
|
| Market value of plan assets | 842 | 687 |
| |
|
| The assumptions used in calculating the above amounts |
| as at 31 December are: | % | % |
| Discount rate | 10.5 | 12.0 |
| Pension increase | 6.5 | 8.0 |
| Rate of compensation increase | 7.5 | 9.0 |
| Rate of return on assets | 10.5 | 12.0 |
|
At the last statutory valuation of the defined benefit pension fund as at 31 December 1999, the Pension Fund was certified by the reporting actuaries as being in a sound financial position, subject to the continuation of the current contribution rates. In arriving at their conclusions, the actuaries took into account reasonable long-term estimates of inflation, increases in wages, salaries and pension as well as returns on investments. Separate calculations for the Pension Fund are carried out on an annual basis and the results of these calculations as at 31 December 2001 are reflected above.
Any deficits in the defined benefit scheme advised by the actuaries are funded either immediately or through increased contributions to ensure the ongoing soundness of the scheme. Contributions to the various defined contribution retirement schemes are fully expensed during the year in which they are funded and the cost of providing retirement benefits for the year amounted to R263m (2000: R303m).
All funds are governed by the Pension Funds Act of 1956 as amended. |
|
| |
|
| Figures in million | 2001 | 2000 |
|
| | SA Rands |
| |
|
| 25 | Cash generated from operations |
| Profit on ordinary activities before taxation | 1,830 | 1,114 |
| Adjusted for: |
| Amortisation of mining assets (note 10) | 628 | 704 |
| Non-cash movements | (38) | (48) |
| Interest receivable (note 3) | (47) | (138) |
| Profit from associates after taxation (note 3) | (7) | (26) |
| Unwinding of decommissioning obligation (note 4) | 19 | - |
| Finance costs (note 5) | 189 | 106 |
| Movement in hedging activities | 255 | - |
| Amortisation of goodwill | 4 | - |
| Debt written off | 21 | - |
| Impairment of mining assets (note 10) | - | 470 |
| Loss (profit) on sale of mining assets | 32 | (7) |
| Movements in working capital | (661) | (141) |
| |
|
| | 2,225 | 2,034 |
| |
|
| Movements in working capital: |
| (Increase)/decrease in trade and other receivables | (17) | 116 |
| Decrease/(increase) in inventories | 109 | (45) |
| Decrease in trade and other payables | (207) | (64) |
| Decrease in current portion of inter-group balances | (546) | (148) |
| |
|
| | (661) | (141) |
| |
|
|
|
26 | Related parties |
| Related party transactions are concluded on an arm's length basis. Details of material transactions with those related parties not dealt with elsewhere in the financial statements are summarised below: |
|
| | 2001 | 2000 |
|
| | Purchases | | Amounts | Purchases | | Amounts |
| | from | | owed to | from | | owed to |
| | related | | related | related | | related |
| | parties | | parties | parties | | parties |
|
| With fellow subsidiaries of the Anglo American plc group |
| Boart Longyear Limited - mining services | 97 | | 8 | 52 | | 9 |
| Haggie Limited - mining equipment | 61 | | 3 | 32 | | 3 |
| Mondi Limited - timber | 132 | | 8 | 153 | | - |
| Scaw Metals Limited - steel and engineering | 54 | | 10 | 55 | | - |
| Shaft Sinkers (Pty) Ltd - mining services | 107 | | 12 | 93 | | - |
| | With associates |
| Rand Refinery Limited - gold refinery | 26 | | - | 27 | | - |
|
| |
|
| Figures in million | 2001 | 2000 |
|
| | SA Rands |
| |
|
|
27 | Commitments and contingencies |
| Acquisition of mining assets | | |
| Contracted for | 441 | 356 |
| Not contracted for | 1,948 | 4,638 |
| |
|
| Authorised by the directors | 2,389 | 4,994 |
| |
|
| Allocated for: | | |
| Expansion of capacity | | |
| - within one year | 778 | 327 |
| - thereafter | 1,572 | 3,998 |
| |
|
| | 2,350 | 4,325 |
| |
|
| Maintenance of capacity | | |
| - within one year | 27 | 29 |
| - thereafter | 12 | 640 |
| |
|
| | 39 | 669 |
| |
|
|
This expenditure will be financed from existing cash resources, proceeds on the disposal of the Free State assets and future borrowings.
There is a potential claim against the South Africa region in respect of contamination of the water supply amounting to R11m (2000: R9m).
|
|
| 28 | Risk management activities | | |
|
In the normal course of its operations, the company is exposed to gold price, currency, interest rate, liquidity and credit risks. In order to manage these risks, the company may enter into transactions which make use of both on- and off-balance sheet financial instruments. The company does not acquire, hold or issue derivative instruments for trading purposes. The company has developed a comprehensive risk management process to facilitate, control and to monitor these risks. The board has approved and monitors this risk management process, inclusive of documented treasury policies, counterpart limits, controlling and reporting structures.
Controlling risk in the company
The Executive Committee and the Treasury Committee are responsible for risk management activities within the company. The Treasury Committee, chaired by an independent member of the AngloGold Audit Committee, comprising executive members and treasury executives, reviews and recommends to the Executive Committee all treasury counterparts, limits, instruments and hedge strategies. The treasurer is responsible for managing investment, gold price, currency and liquidity risk. Within the treasury function, there is an independent risk function, which monitors adherence to treasury risk management policy, counterpart and dealer limits and provides regular and detailed management reports.
Gold price and currency risk
Gold price risk arises from the risk of an adverse effect on current or future earnings resulting from fluctuations in the price of gold. The gold market is predominately priced in US dollars which exposes the company to the risk that fluctuations in the SA rand/US dollar exchange rate may also have an adverse effect on current or future earnings.
A number of products, including derivative instruments are used to manage well-defined gold price and foreign exchange risks, that arise out of the company's core business activities. Forward-sales contracts and call and put options are used by the company to protect itself from downward fluctuations in the gold price. These instruments may establish a minimum price for a portion of future production while maintaining the ability to benefit from increases in the gold price for the majority of future gold production.
Net delta open hedge position as at 31 December 2001
The company had the following net forward-pricing commitments outstanding against future production.
Table A: Summary: Net delta open hedge position as at 31 December 2001 |
|
| | | Rand | | Dollar |
| 12 Months ending | Gold | Price in | Gold | Price in | Kilograms |
| 31 December | kg sold | R/kg | kg sold | US$/oz | sold |
|
| 2002 | 22,828 | 60,258 | 28,526 | 294 | 51,354 |
| 2003 | 24,706 | 90,914 | 11,027 | 342 | 35,733 |
| 2004 | 22,438 | 109,137 | 8,211 | 368 | 30,649 |
| 2005 | 22,509 | 132,592 | 10,429 | 336 | 32,938 |
| 2006 | 14,007 | 135,287 | 8,775 | 342 | 22,782 |
| January 2007 - |
| December 2011 | 10,140 | 135,367 | 44,086 | 360 | 54,226 |
|
| Total | 116,628 | 105,657 | 111,054 | 338 | 227,682 |
|
| Table B: Summary: All open contracts in the company's gold hedge position at 31 December 2001 |
|
| | Year 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 - 2011 | Total |
| Dollar/Gold | | | | | | | |
| Forward contracts | | | | | | | |
| Amount (kg) | 25,664 | 5,992 | 5,941 | 4,510 | 2,799 | 12,441 | 57,347 |
| $/oz | $290 | $322 | $348 | $356 | $369 | $365 | $325 |
|
| | Put options purchased | | | | | | | |
| Amount (kg) | 8,709 | 4,977 | 1,866 | | | | 15,552 |
| $/oz | $318 | $364 | $439 | | | | $347 |
| *Delta (kg) | 4,162 | 4,421 | 1,757 | | | | 10,340 |
|
| Put options sold | | | | | | | |
| Amount (kg) | 2,799 | | | | | | 2,799 |
| $/oz | $274 | | | | | | $274 |
| *Delta (kg) | 944 | | | | | | 944 |
|
| Call options purchased | | | | | | | |
| Amount (kg) | 23,794 | 4,043 | | | | | 27,837 |
| $/oz | $338 | $402 | | | | | $347 |
| *Delta (kg) | 1,156 | 96 | | | | | 1,252 |
|
| Call options sold | | | | | | | |
| Amount (kg) | 20,995 | 8,864 | 1,866 | 12,441 | 11,819 | 55,986 | 111,971 |
| $/oz | $346 | $379 | $347 | $321 | $329 | $358 | $350 |
| *Delta (kg) | 800 | 710 | 513 | 5,919 | 5,976 | 31,645 | 45,563 |
|
| Rand/Gold |
| Forward contracts |
| Amount (kg) | 20,222 | 21,067 | 20,264 | 19,964 | 11,825 | 10,140 | 103,482 |
| R/kg | R55,104 | R90,427 | R110,801 | R133,897 | R142,973 | R135,367 | R106,504 |
|
| Put options purchased | | | | | | | |
| Amount (kg) | 1,875 | 1,875 | 1,875 | 1,875 | 1,875 | | 9,375 |
| R/kg | R93,603 | R93,603 | R93,603 | R93,603 | R93,603 | | R93,603 |
| *Delta (kg) | 138 | 102 | 78 | 45 | 32 | | 395 |
|
| | Year 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 - 2011 | Total |
|
| Call options purchased |
| Amount (kg) | 12,031 | 1,058 | | | | | 13,089 |
| R/kg | R86,039 | R93,881 | | | | | R86,673 |
| *Delta (kg) | 11,756 | 981 | | | | | 12,737 |
|
| Call options sold | | | | | | | |
| Amount (kg) | 14,669 | 4,831 | 2,187 | 3,432 | 2,187 | | 27,306 |
| R/kg | R87,148 | R93,767 | R93,630 | R122,862 | R93,630 | | R93,846 |
| *Delta (kg) | 14,224 | 4,521 | 2,096 | 2,500 | 2,150 | | 25,491 |
|
| Rand/Dollar (000) | | | | | | | |
| Forward contracts | | | | | | | |
| Amount ($) | 25,574 | | | | | | 25,574 |
| ZAR per $ | R6.31 | | | | | | R6.31 |
|
| Put options purchased | | | | | | | |
| Amount ($) | 105,000 | | | | | | 105,000 |
| ZAR per $ | R8.18 | | | | | | R8.18 |
| *Delta ($) | 1,260 | | | | | | 1,260 |
|
| Call options purchased | | | | | | | |
| Amount ($) | 78,450 | 8,000 | | | | | 86,450 |
| ZAR per $ | R8.33 | R6.94 | | | | | R8.20 |
| *Delta ($) | 75,860 | 7,984 | | | | | 83,844 |
|
| Call options sold | | | | | | | |
| Amount ($) | 153,450 | 8,000 | | | | | 161,450 |
| ZAR per $ | R8.76 | R6.94 | | | | | R8.67 |
| *Delta ($) | 147,186 | 7,984 | | | | | 155,170 |
|
| * |
The delta position indicated above reflects the nominal amount of the option multiplied by the mathematical probability of the option being exercised. This is calculated using the Black and Scholes option formula with the ruling market prices, interest rates and volatilities as at 31 December 2001.
The mix of hedging instruments, the volume of production hedged and the tenor of the hedging book is continually reviewed in the light of changes in operational forecasts, market conditions and the company's hedging policy.
Forward sales contracts require the future delivery of gold at a specified price.
A put option gives the put buyer the right, but not the obligation, to sell gold to the put seller at a predetermined price on a predetermined date.
A call option gives the call buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy gold from the call seller at a predetermined price on a predetermined date.
Net cash receipts received under the option hedging strategies for the year were R215m (2000: R262m).
Interest rate and liquidity risk
Fluctuations in interest rates impact on the value of short-term cash investments and financing activities, giving rise to interest rate risk.
In the ordinary course of business, the company receives cash from the proceeds of its gold sales and is required to fund working capital requirements. This cash is managed to ensure surplus funds are invested in a manner to achieve market related returns while minimising risks. The company is able to actively source financing at competitive rates.
The company has sufficient undrawn borrowing facilities available to fund working capital requirements.
|
| Investment maturity profile | | |
|
| | | Fixed rate | | Floating rate |
| | | investment/ | Effective | investment/ | Effective |
| | Currency | (borrowings) | rate | (borrowings) | rate |
| Maturity date | millions | amount | % | amount | % |
|
| Less than one year | $ | | | 14 | 1 |
| | ZAR | 380 | 9 | 138 | 8 |
|
| Borrowings maturity profile |
|
| | | Within one year | Between two and five years |
| | | Fixed rate | Effective | Fixed rate | Effective |
| | Currency | borrowings | rate | borrowings | rate |
| | millions | amount | % | amount | % |
|
| | $ | 122 | 2.7 | 216 | 2.7 |
| | ZAR | 200 | 11.5 |
| | A$ | 10 | 4.8 |
|
| Interest rate risk |
|
| | | | | | Fixed rate |
| | | | | | investment/ | Effective |
| | | | | Currency | (borrowings) | rate |
| Maturity date | | | | millions | amount | % |
|
| Less than one year | | | | $ | 122 | 2.7 |
| | | | | ZAR | 200 | 11.5 |
| | | | | A$ | 10 | 4.7 |
|
|
Credit risk
Credit risk arises from the risk that a counterpart may default or not meet its obligations timeously. The company minimises credit risk by ensuring that credit risk is spread over a number of counterparts. These counterparts are financial and banking institutions of the highest quality. Where possible, management tries to ensure that netting agreements are in place.
No provision for doubtful debts was made as the principal debtors continue to be in a sound financial position.
The company does not generally obtain collateral or other security to support financial instruments subject to credit risk, but monitors the credit standing of counterparts. The company believes that no concentration of credit exists.
Fair value
The estimated fair values of financial instruments are determined at discrete points in time based on relevant market information. These estimates involve uncertainties and cannot be determined with precision. The estimated fair values of the company's financial instruments as at 31 December are as follows:
|
|
Type of instrument
| | | |
|
| | 2001 | 2000 |
| | Carrying amount | Fair value | Carrying amount | Fair value |
|
| SA Rands |
| Trade and other receivables | 690 | 690 | 694 | 694 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 686 | 686 | 234 | 234 |
|
| - Cash and deposits on call | 686 | 686 | 76 | 76 |
| - Money market instruments | - | - | 158 | 158 |
|
| Borrowings | 4,303 | 4,303 | 2 569 | 2 569 |
| Trade and other payables | 1,066 | 1,066 | 1 309 | 1 309 |
| Forward sale contracts | (1,874) | (1,976) | - | 666 |
| Option contracts | (219) | (1,112) | - | 197 |
| Foreign exchange contracts | (149) | (148) | - | (83)) |
| Foreign exchange option contracts | (229) | (268) | - | (91) |
|
|
The fair value amounts above include off balance sheet designated hedges.
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instrument:
Trade and other receivables, cash and cash equivalents and trade and other payables
The carrying amounts approximate fair value because of the short-term duration of these instruments.
Borrowings
The existing debt re-prices on a short-term floating rate basis, and accordingly the carrying amount is considered to approximate fair value.
Derivative instruments
The fair values of forward sales contracts and derivative instruments are estimated based on the ruling market prices, volatilities and interest rates at 31 December 2001. |
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